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Her most memorable case after Kivu involved a pet parrot named Paco. The parrot had been to four clinics for feather plucking. He’d been tested for heavy metals, parasites, and fungal infections. Nothing. He’d been given anti-anxiety medication. Nothing. When Lena met Paco, she didn’t reach for a stethoscope. She asked to see his daily routine.

Reid, J., Nolan, A. M., & Scott, E. M. (2018). Development of the short-form Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale in dogs. Veterinary Record , 182(7), 196–203. zooskool+simone+first+cut+exclusive

: Board-certified veterinary behaviorists (Diplomate ACVB) must complete three years of advanced clinical training after vet school and pass rigorous examinations. Her most memorable case after Kivu involved a

In human medicine, pain, temperature, pulse, and respiration are the four vital signs. In veterinary science, behavior is increasingly viewed as the fifth. A change in posture, vocalization, or social interaction is often the first—and sometimes only—indication of an underlying medical problem. Nothing

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Animal behavior is a critical component of veterinary science. By understanding the normal behavior of animals, veterinarians can better diagnose and treat behavioral problems, such as anxiety, fear, and aggression. Additionally, a knowledge of animal behavior can help veterinarians to identify early warning signs of disease or discomfort, allowing for earlier intervention and improved outcomes.