: A unique feature first identified by Robert Hooke. Composed of cellulose and pectin, it provides rigidity and protection. Major Organelles : The control center containing genetic material. Mitochondria : Known as the "powerhouse" where ATP is produced.
| Organelle | Function (Exam Keyword) | | :--- | :--- | | | Brain/control center; contains DNA (chromosomes). | | Mitochondria | Powerhouse; produces ATP (energy) via respiration. | | Ribosome | Protein factory (translation). | | Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) | Transport highway. Rough ER = protein; Smooth ER = lipid. | | Golgi Body | Packaging & shipping center (forms lysosomes). | | Lysosome | Suicidal bag; digests waste & old organelles. | | Chloroplast | Photosynthesis site (only in plants). | ssc biology chapter 2 hand note exclusive
Found in plants (for photosynthesis/color); absent in animals. : A unique feature first identified by Robert Hooke
Cardiac: Found only in the heart (involuntary but structured like voluntary). Composed of Neurons , designed to carry impulses. 5. Important Organs and Systems Mitochondria : Known as the "powerhouse" where ATP